For aortic valves that suffer from stenosis or regurgitation, here are the most common forms or aortic valve surgery:
- Aortic valve replacement
- Aortic valve repair
- Mini-sternotomy for aortic valve replacement
- Mini-thoracotomy for aortic valve replacement
- Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (SAPIEN)
- Ross procedure
- David procedure (valve sparing)
- Video: Indicators for aortic valve repair versus replacement?
- Video: Minimally invasive aortic valve replacement with Dr. Marc Gillinov
- Video: Minimally invasive aortic valve replacement and root replacement with Dr. Richard Shemin
- Taylor's story: Aortic valve replacement and aortic root replacement
- Trivia: Is a Ross procedure and root replacement possible?
For patients experiencing mitral valve regurgitation or stenosis, here is helpful information about the different types of mitral valve surgery:
- Mitral valve repair
- Mitral valve replacement
- Mitral valve repair and MAZE procedure
- Video: Why is mitral valve repair preferred to replacement?
- What determines my ability to get a mitral valve repair?
- Video: What about a repair of the prolapsed anterior leaflet?
- Video: Robotic mitral valve repair surgery
- Video: Mini-thoracotomy for mitral valve repair
- Kato's story: Transcatheter mitral valve repair (Mitraclip)
- Surgeon Q&A: Are transcatheter mitral valve replacements next?
For patients experiencing tricuspid valve regurgitation or tricuspid stenosis, the most common forms of treatment are valve repair and valve replacement operations:
For patients experiencing pulmonary valve regurgitation or pulmonary stenosis, the most common forms of treatment are valve repair and valve replacement operations:
As patients evaluate their surgical options, several additional questions may arise. Below, you will find additional information that might help educate and empower you:
- Is heart valve surgery common for the elderly?
- What are re-operation rates for heart valve procedures?
- Who are patient-recommended surgeons?
- What are the most common heart valve defects?
- Will an enlarged heart return to normal size after surgery?
- Which cardiac clinics specialize in heart valve treatment?
When diagnosed with a serious heart valve defect, the patients and caregivers must carefully evaluate the different treatment options. 
