What Role Will Stem Cells Play In Heart Valve Replacements?
September 4th, 2007Hey everybody,When I learned that I needed a heart valve replacement, I was presented with a number of choices. One of those surgical options revolved around my valve replacement type.
There are pig valves (porcine), cow valves (bovine) and mechanical valves (prosthetic). There are several advantages and disadvantages for each of the valves referenced above.
Eventually, through a special aortic valve replacement procedure, known as the Ross Procedure, I was able to use my own valve. The only problem was that I had to use my pulmonary valve which was ultimately replaced by a homograft (a human donor valve).
However, according to recent reports about stem cells and heart valves, patients may be able to grow their own heart valve replacements in just six weeks!
The story…. Cardiac patients could have their own or donated cells engineered into heart valve or muscle replacements and implanted within six weeks from donation. This could be possible in as little as three to five years say top heart surgeons in the journal Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society Biological Sciences published on Monday, September 3, 2007.
Professor Magdi Yacoub, the world’s leading heart surgeon and Professor of Cardiac Surgery at Imperial College, based at the Heart Science Centre at Harefield Hospital has compiled the progress of his team and researchers worldwide for a special edition of the journal entitled ‘Bioengineering the heart’.
Magdi Yacoub On Stem Cells And Heart Valve Replacement Research
Professor Yacoub said: “Currently people suffering from heart valve disease can be treated with artificial replacement valves they do the job and save people’s lives but they are far from perfect. Although there has been huge progress in developing mechanical replacements, they still work mechanically and not physiologically – they cannot match the elegant sophisticated functions of living tissues”.
The use of stem cells in cardiovascular tissue engineering has the potential to mend damaged valves or heart muscle, providing a ‘like for like’ match which would grow and repair in the same way as patient’s own heart tissue, unlike a donor valve or artificial mechanical valve.
“The ultimate goal is to produce off-the-shelf products which will not cause an immune response from patients. This should be possible in the next five to eight years. Using stem cells rather than animal heart valves will reduce the risk of serious human disease caused by rejection.”
The Future Of Stem Cells And Heart Valve Replacements
Currently, only limited heart valve replacements are available and all have the problem of durability. This latest research could potentially lead to an unlimited number of heart valves being readily available to treat the 80, 000 people worldwide who will need replacements by the year 2020.
Biological substitutes perform many additional sophisticated functions which can enhance heart muscle function, exercise capacity and quality of life. These could have important implications for the wellbeing and survival of the patient. In order to achieve this, researchers in developmental biology, stem cell biology, immunology and tissue engineering need to work closely together.
In 2005, over 15 million people died of cardiovascular disease it is one of the major causes of death and suffering in both the developed and developing countries and there is an urgent need for prevention and treatment.
I hope that helps explain about this incredible medical advance about stem cells and heart valve replacements.
Keep on tickin!
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| About The Author: Adam Pick is a double, heart valve surgery patient and author of The Patient's Guide To Heart Valve Surgery. This unique book integrates clinical research with the personal experiences of 135 former patients to help future patients and their caregivers better understand the problems, the opportunities and the realities of heart valve surgery. To learn more about Adam and his heart valve surgery book, click here. |
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